ABSTRACT
Intravenous contrast media (IVCM) are routinely used in different imaging techniques, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but can cause adverse effects on renal function. This study aims to evaluate the level of awareness of IVCM and their effects on renal function among members of the general public visiting King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. MethodsAn observational cross-sectional study design was used. It was conducted in September 2018 on participants aged ≥18 years who completed an electronic self-administered questionnaire to assess their knowledge of the adverse renal effects of IVCM. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Chi-squared test was used to evaluate the level of knowledge among residents regarding the possible adverse renal events that can be caused by IVCM. ResultsMost participants (56.8%) had no knowledge of IVCM and were unable to recognize the risk factors associated with IVCM and their potential impact on the kidneys. Social media was the most chosen source of information among those who had variable degrees of awareness. A statistically significant association was found between the educational level and degree of knowledge about the importance, application, and adverse events of IVCM. Most of the respondents lacked knowledge of the risk factors associated with contrast-induced nephropathy. ConclusionsParticipants generally had limited knowledge about IVCM and the associated risk factors. Educational programs could be utilized to improve awareness and understanding.
ABSTRACT
The significance of radiological assessment in the treatment plan of patients with adenoid hypertrophy cannot be undermined. This study evaluated the correlation between clinical symptoms and radiological findings in the clinical assessment of patients with adenoid hypertrophy.METHODSA cross-sectional study was conducted by recruiting 147 individuals aged between 1 to 27 years from September 2017 to February 2018. Clinical assessment was performed through questionnaires prepared for primary caregivers. Radiographic findings were obtained through lateral nasopharyngeal radiographs. Frequencies, percentages, cross-tabulation, chi-square analysis, and Pearson correlation test were used to analyse the collected data via Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).RESULTSA positive correlation was observed between clinical presentations of snoring and adenoid thickness. No significant correlations were observed between mouth breathing, obstructive breathing during sleep, and the total clinical score obtained with the nasopharyngeal diameter. A significant correlation of nasopharyngeal diameter with mouth breathing and soft palate thickness was noted. The ratio of soft-palate tissue was also significantly correlated with nasopharyngeal diameter.CONCLUSIONSFindings revealed a significant correlation between mouth breathing with all the radiological findings at 5% level of significance. It also suggests that suspected adenoid hypertrophy in children can be treated with lateral radiograph of the nasopharynx for better treatment outcomes.